Pivoting Sandglass Discontinued You can find more items like this in the following: Clocks, Classic Clocks   Quantity in Basket:none Code:LM-911-006 Price:$19.95 Shipping Weight:1.00lbs.       Quantity:   Because sandglasses remain relatively unaffected by heat, cold and swinging about, they have a long history at sea. There are records of sandglasses in ships' inventories from about 1400 A.D. Small sandglasses were used as interval timers to measure speed in navigation. A log was thrown over the side with a line knotted about every 47 feet attached to it. The speed at which the knots ran out was measured by the 28 second glass, giving nautical speed in "knots". Slow-flowing glasses, measuring one half hour, timed each of eight segments of a four hour duty watch. The helmsman would sound the ship's bell a consecutive number of times for each passing half hour to total the eight bells of each watch. Sandglasses were used in Renaissance Europe to time arrival of citizens at civic functions. A bell was rung to alert the community of compulsory meetings; the populace then had one glass of time to appear or a fine was levied. If a person did not appear during the course of a second glass, the fine would triple. An illustration in a German treatise on the manufacture of fireworks published about 1450 shows a sandgletss timing an operation in a stamping mill. In a humanitarian application, sandglasses were used to limit sessions of torture, especially by the church during the Inquisition. 2 models; 5" x 1 3/4" and 3" base, or 4 1/4" x 3/4" and 2" x 3" base.

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